Theme 13 Trade, Competition

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Combined nomenclature 2007 — Official Journal of the European Union (CD-ROM) Cat. No: FX-AL-06-301-1M-Z ISBN: FXAL063011MZ Pagination: Dimensions: Published: 2007 edition ISSN 1830-267X This CD-ROM contains the combined nomenclature for 2007, as published in the Official Journal of the European Union, L 301 of 31 October 2006. Also included are various classification regulations published between 30 July 1970 and 1 December 2006. Price:£35.00

External and intra-European Union trade Data 1999–2004 Cat. No: KS-CV-05-001-EN-C ISBN: 9289499567 Pagination: 96 pages Dimensions: 10.5 × 21 cm Published:2006 ISSN 1606-3481 The pocketbook on external and intra-European Union trade contains annual time series on trade of the European Union, the euro area and the 25 Member States. In particular, it provides statistics on trade flows between the EU and its main trading partners, with a breakdown by major product groups. Price:£7.00

Developments in car retailing and after-sales markets under Regulation No 1400/2002 — Volume I Series: Competition studies No 7 Cat. No: KD-76-06-026-EN-C ISBN: 9279019694 Pagination: 295 pages Dimensions: 21 × 29.7 cm Published:2006 ISSN 1725-986X The study was carried out for the Competition DG by the external consultant London Economics and was published in July 2006. The purpose of the study is to gather and analyse market data reflecting the evolution of industry practices in the fields of motor vehicle distribution, repair and maintenance, and distribution of spare parts. To this end, the study contains a detailed quantitative description of car sales and after-sales markets and a comprehensive analytical assessment of the evolution of the competitive environment in 12 Member States over the period 1997 to 2004, with a particular emphasis on changes in the markets since Regulation (EC) No 1400/2002 came into force. Price:£25.00

Study on the enforcement of State aid law at national level Series: Competition studies No 6 Cat. No: KD-75-06-493-EN-C ISBN: 9279017152 Pagination: 677 pages Dimensions: 21 × 29.7 cm Published:2006 Part I: Application of EC State aid rules by national courts Part II: Recovery of unlawful State aid: enforcement of negative Commission decisions by the Member States This study provides extensive information on the application of the State aid rules by the national courts in the old Member States. Furthermore, the study provides insight into the enforcement of the Commission’s recovery decisions by Member States. The study was prepared for the Commission by an international consortium of legal experts in 2005. Price:£34.00

The impact of vertical and conglomerate mergers on competition Series: Competition studies No 3 Cat. No: KD-71-05-158-EN-S ISBN: 9279003844 Pagination: 325 pages Dimensions: 21 × 29.7 cm Published:2006 This report consists of six sections besides this introductory section. Section 2 considers the competition policy concerns and a framework for analysis of non-horizontal mergers. Section 3 considers the economics and competition policy analysis of vertical mergers. Section 4 brings together literature to consider the economics and competition policy implications of transactions involving complements and/or neighbouring products. The analysis in Sections 3 and 4 considers only how a non-horizontal merger would increase the market power of the merging firm. Section 5 considers the implications of non-horizontal mergers for the coordinated exercise of market power. Section 6 considers the implications of conglomerate mergers on the incentives for predation and the implications for competition if such a merger affects financial leverage. Section 7 briefly considers efficiency rationales for non-horizontal mergers. Price:£10.00

The economics of horizontal mergers: unilateral and coordinated effects Series: Competition studies No 4 Cat. No: KD-71-05-150-EN-S ISBN: 9279004093 Pagination:158 pages Dimensions: 21 × 29.7 cm Published:2006 This document builds on two reports commissioned by the European Commission on the economic analysis of horizontal mergers, dealing respectively with unilateral effects and tacit collusion. The document comprises four parts. Part A provides a general introduction and overview of the main issues. Part B focuses on the economics of unilateral effects, while Part C studies coordinated effects through the economics of tacit collusion. Part D reviews a number of quantitative procedures that can be used for the analysis of unilateral effects and tacit collusion. Price:£10.00

Merger remedies study — Public version Series: Competition studies No 5 Cat. No: KD-71-05-376-EN-S ISBN: 9279004204 Pagination: 237 pages Dimensions: 21 × 29.7 cm Published:2006 The study assesses in detail the implementation and the effectiveness of a representative sample of 96 of the 227 remedies adopted by the Commission during the relevant period. Conducted mostly through interviews with market operators, the study examines major problems in the design and implementation of remedies that have become apparent since the decisions were adopted. It also carries out an overall evaluation of the effectiveness of the remedies in maintaining effective competition in the market. The study’s findings confirm the relevance of various aspects of the Commission’s merger remedies practice, as described in the remedies notice and the model commitment texts (http://ec.europa.eu/comm/competition/mergers/legislation/ remedies.htm). Nevertheless, the study also identifies a number of areas regarding the design and implementation of the remedies which require further improvement. In addition to being used in future cases, the results of the study, together with relevant recent practice and jurisprudence, will be used in an upcoming review of the merger remedies notice and of the model divestiture commitments and trustee mandate. A public consultation on the drafts of these amended texts is scheduled for 2006. Price:£10.00

EC competition rules — Modernisation of EC antitrust enforcement rules Cat. No: KD-61-04-153-EN-C ISBN: 9289479965 Pagination: 138 pages Dimensions: 16.2 × 22.9 cm Published:2004 On 1 May 2004, a new system of application of Articles 81 and 82 EC entered into force. This is the result of a long reform process which started five years ago and which has been characterised by a large public consultation at every stage. It resulted in the adoption by the Council of Regulation (EC) No 1/2003 and in the adoption by the Commission of the flanking ‘modernisation package’: a commission implementing regulation and six notices. The objective of the reform is to ensure an efficient protection of competition in an enlarged Union. The new regulation creates the conditions for a greater involvement of national courts and national competition authorities by making Articles 81 and 82 directly applicable in their entirety. Furthermore, it makes it compulsory to apply Community law whenever the agreement or practice at stake may affect trade between Member States. Price:£18.00

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